The symptoms of kidney stones can vary depending on the size of the stone. For most, the telltale sign is the sudden onset of excruciating pain radiating from the side (flank) to the groin or inner ...

Chronic kidney failure, or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), occurs when the kidneys no longer function effectively and cannot filter waste and extra fluid from the body. It is the fifth and final ...

Renal insufficiency refers to a state in which the kidneys are not functioning at their full capacity. This condition may be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term) and indicates a decline in kidney ...